CDL Endorsements
A Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) is essential for operating specific types of vehicles in the US, particularly those with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) exceeding 26,001 pounds or towing over 10,000 pounds. Additionally, it’s required for transporting hazardous materials or carrying at least 16 passengers. However, merely possessing a CDL doesn’t grant permission for all CDL-related tasks; additional endorsements are often necessary for specific roles.
| CDL Endorsements | Description | Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Tanker endorsement (N) | Required for hauling liquids; involves a knowledge test. | Knowledge test |
| Hazardous materials endorsement (H) | Necessary for transporting hazardous materials; involves a knowledge test. | Knowledge test |
| Passenger endorsement (P) | Essential for operating vehicles transporting 16 or more passengers; requires both knowledge and skills tests. | Knowledge and skills tests |
| Doubles/Triples endorsement (T) | Allows pulling multiple trailers; involves a knowledge test. | Knowledge test |
| School Bus endorsement (S) | Required for operating school buses and certain other passenger vehicles; involves both knowledge and skills tests. | Knowledge and skills tests |
| Tanker/Hazmat Combo endorsement (X) | A combined endorsement for tankers and vehicles carrying hazardous materials; requires a knowledge test. | Knowledge test |
To obtain these endorsements, applicants must meet federal requirements, pass additional tests, and, in some cases, complete entry-level driving training. Endorsements expire with the CDL and may require renewal, typically every 4 to 8 years, along with the CDL itself. The costs for obtaining endorsements vary by state, and each state has its own regulations.
CDL endorsements significantly broaden job opportunities and often lead to higher-paying positions. Some of the highest-paying jobs include Teen Tanker Owner Operator, Chemical Tanker Owner Operator, and Hazmat Owner Operator. However, it’s crucial to be aware of CDL restrictions, which limit the vehicles a driver can operate. These restrictions vary and are marked on the CDL.
| Common CDL Restrictions | Description |
|---|---|
| (E) Manual Transmission Restriction | Limits the driver to vehicles with manual transmissions. |
| (L) Air Brakes Restriction | Restricts driving vehicles equipped with air brakes. |
| (M) Class A Passenger Vehicle Restriction | Limits the driver to Class A passenger vehicles. |
| (N) Class A and B Passenger Vehicle Restriction | Limits the driver to Class A and B passenger vehicles. |
| (O) Fifth-wheel Connection Restriction | Limits the driver to vehicles with fifth-wheel connections. |
| (K) Interstate Travel Restriction | Restricts driving to interstate travel. |
| (V) Medical Variance Restriction | Limits driving based on medical conditions. |
| (Z) Air Brakes Restriction | Similar to (L) but specific to air brakes. |
Whether you’re an entry-level driver or seeking career advancement, obtaining CDL endorsements can enhance your prospects and earning potential. With a clear understanding of the process and requirements, you can take the necessary steps to obtain these endorsements and advance your trucking career.